Issue Introduction

Abstract

Issue introduction

By:

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohammed Abdulhakim Alsaadi

Editor in Chief

In the name of God, the most gracious, the most merciful

Praise be to God, who removed the darkness with the light, distinguished the ignorant people from the people of intellectuality, and dispelled doubts and illusions with the light of His Prophet, the Chosen One.

Honesty is one of the basics of people’s morals throughout the ages and in different cultures, civilizations, and human societies, whether civilized or savages, in palaces, deserts, forests, and mountain valleys, wherever man has settled or traveled, because it is one of the basic principles of human nature. Some people overlook it and ignore it due to reasons of greed, obtaining the rights of others, and claiming something other than the truth in its ownership. It is understood by simple people, clear and evident in material and monetary properties. But how about morale and intellectual, scientific and literary property?

The term “scientific trust” or “scientific integrity” emerged and people circulated it when the theft of scientific effort appeared and expanded and attributed it to someone who is not worthy of the moral glory or material benefit that entails. Perhaps it was approved by some societies who traded sciences in ancient centuries, so they hid the sources of information and ignored its origin, intentionally or unintentionally, and attributed it to others. This matter is strongly observed in the beginnings of the European renaissance, when they drew a lot of science from Islamic origins, so they called it for themselves and hid the previous links in the chain of sciences, but the development of time and the change of conditions revealed many hidden.

In our issue today, there is a variety of high-end information and investigations in various sciences and knowledge.